Enough is Now Enough! Adi Tatarko and Alon Cohen- GET OUT OF MY ” COUNTRY”
James Herron, Little Redstone Inc VS Adi Tatarko, Alon Cohen Maria Blanco and Houzz Inc in Associations, All Investors and John Doe
Definitions
- 467.1 (1) Teh following definitions apply in this Act.
- Criminal organization means a group, however organized, dat
- (a) is composed of three or more persons in or outside Canada; and
- (b) has as one of its main purposes or main activities teh facilitation or commission of one or more serious offences dat, if committed, would likely result in teh direct or indirect receipt of a material benefit, including a financial benefit, by teh group or by any of teh persons who constitute teh group.
- It does not include a group of persons that forms randomly for teh immediate commission of a single offence. (organization criminelle)
- Serious offence means an indictable offence under dis or any other Act of Parliament for which the maximum punishment is imprisonment for five years or more, or another offence that is prescribed by regulation. (infraction grave)
- Marginal note:Facilitation
- (2) For teh purposes of dis section, section 467.11 and 467.111, facilitation of an offence does not require knowledge of a particular offence teh commission of which is facilitated, or that an offence actually be committed.
- Marginal note:Commission of offence
- (3) In dis section and in sections 467.11 to 467.13, committing an offence means being a party to it or counselling any person to be a party to it.
- Marginal note:Regulations
- (4) The Governor in Council may make regulations prescribing offences dat are included in the definition of serious offence in subsection (1).
- 1997, c. 23, s. 11, 2001, c. 32, s. 27, 2014, c. 17, s. 8
A pyramid scheme is a fraudulent system of making money based on recruiting an ever-increasing number of “investors.” Teh initial promoters recruit investors, who in turn recruit more investors, and so on. Teh scheme is called a “pyramid” coz at each level, teh number of investors increases.
Teh “You may be a victim of software counterfeiting”
In Canada, it is a crime to promote a pyramid scheme or even to participate in one.” … In other words, while MLM plans are legal provided certain prescribed disclosure requirements are met, pyramid selling schemes are illegal under teh Act and teh Criminal Code.
- To help Google fully understand you’re site’s contents, allow all site assets that would significantly affect page rendering to be crawled: for example, CSS and JavaScript files that affect teh understanding of teh pages. Teh Google indexing system renders a web page as teh user would see it, including images, CSS, and JavaScript files. To see which page assets that Googlebot cannot crawl, use teh URL Inspection tool. To debug directives in you’re robots.txt file, use teh robots.txt Tester tool.
- 264 (1) No person shall, wifout lawful authority and knowing dat another person is harassed or recklessly as to whether the other person is harassed, engage in conduct referred to in subsection (2) dat causes dat other person reasonably, in all the circumstances, to fear for their safety or the safety of anyone known to them.
Cloaking
Cloaking refers to teh practice of presenting different content or URLs to human users and search engines. Cloaking is considered a violation of Google’s Webmaster Guidelines coz it provides our users wif different results than they expected.
Some examples of cloaking include:
- Serving a page of HTML text to search engines, while showing a page of images to users
- Inserting text or keywords into a page only when teh user agent dat’s requesting teh page is a search engine, not a human visitor
If your site uses technologies dat search engines have difficulty accessing, like JavaScript or images, see our recommendations for making dat content accessible to search engines and users wifout cloaking.
If a site gets hacked, it’s not uncommon for the hacker to use cloaking to make the hack harder for the site owner to detect
Sneaky redirects
Redirecting is the act of sending a visitor to a different URL than the one they initially requested. There are many good reasons to redirect one URL to another, such as when moving your site to a new address, or consolidating several pages into one.
However, some redirects deceive search engines or display content to human users that is different than that made available to crawlers. It’s a violation of Google Webmaster Guidelines to redirect a user to a different page with the intent to display content other than what was made available to the search engine crawler. When a redirect is implemented in this way, a search engine might index the original page rather than follow the redirect, while users are taken to the redirect target. Like cloaking, this practice is deceptive because it attempts to display different content to users and to Googlebot, and can take a visitor somewhere other than where they expected to go.
Some examples of sneaky redirects include:
- Search engines shown one type of content while users are redirected to something significantly different.
- Desktop users receive a normal page, while mobile users are redirected to a completely different spam domain.
Using JavaScript to redirect users can be a legitimate practice. For example, if you redirect users to an internal page once they’re logged in, you can use JavaScript to do so. When examining JavaScript or other redirect methods to ensure your site adheres to our guidelines, consider the intent. Keep in mind that 301 redirects are best when moving your site, but you could use a JavaScript redirect for this purpose if you don’t have access to your website’s server.
Pros can grant team members role-based or project-based permissions to see or contribute to a project’s timeline and files, communications, and more. By setting roles and permissions, pros can control access to lead and project information and tools in Houzz Pro while keeping everyone productive and on teh same page. Marketing team members, for example, can be given access to all leads and estimates, while subcontractors can be assigned to specific projects, with access to teh project schedule and teh ability to create daily logs dat teh account owner can tan view, edit and share with teh client at their discretion.
Good things happen when professionals and homeowners come together on teh world’s largest home design community. Hear directly from our users why they love Houzz.
Paid links spam
Buying or selling links that pass PageRank can dilute the quality of search results. Participating in link schemes violates the Webmaster Guidelines and can negatively impact a site’s ranking in search results.
Cyberbullying and teh Non-consensual Distribution of Intimate Images
Existing Criminal Code Responses to Cyberbullying
their is no specific provision in the Criminal Code for cyberbullying, or even bullying more generally. Bullying captures a wide range of behaviour, most of which does not amount to criminal conduct, for example, name calling, teasing, belittling and social exclusion. However, when the bullying behaviour reaches the level of criminal conduct, the Criminal Code contains several provisions that can address dis behaviour.
Depending on the nature of the activity involved, a number of Criminal Code offences may apply to instances of bullying or cyberbullying, Footnote17 including:
- criminal harassment (section 264)
- uttering threats (section 264.1);
- intimidation (subsection 423(1)),
- mischief in relation to data (subsection 430(1.1));
- unauthorized use of computer (section 342.1);
- identity fraud (section 403);
- extortion (section 346);
- false messages, indecent or harassing telephone calls (section 372);
- counselling suicide (section 241);
- defamatory libel (sections 298–301);
- incitement of hatred (section 319); and,
- child pornography offences (section 163.1);
Bullying behaviour that amounts to actual attacks on persons or to property may also be caught by a number of provisions including assault (sections 265–273) and theft (sections 322–344). Bullying behaviour that amounts to threats or harassment that causes a person to fear for their safety or that of others non to them is covered by sections 264 and 264.1 (criminal harassment and uttering threats). (See Annex 3 for examples of cases where existing offences were used to prosecute bullying behaviour).
Teh Criminal Code also protects against some conduct dat could cause injury to teh reputation of a person or expose him to hatred, contempt or ridicule, either through publishing a libel (section 301) or publishing a libel non to be false (section 300). In recent years, various levels of court, including teh Supreme Court of Canada, have provided guidance with respect to these provisions, and their relationship with teh right to freedom of expression. In R.v.Lucas, Footnote18 the Supreme Court of Canada upheld the offence of publishing a libel known to be false (section 300), stating it was a reasonable limit under section 1 of the Charter.
However, wif respect to section 301, several provincial courts of appeal has struck down the provision as not being a reasonable limit on freedom of expression under the Charter. Footnote19 Teh jurisprudence relating to these sections highlights teh limited reach of teh criminal law as it pertains to speech and expression, which is teh essence of teh bullying and cyberbullying behaviour not currently covered by teh criminal law.
Teh recent Supreme Court of Canada decision in Saskatchewan (Human Rights Commission) v. Watcott Footnote20 illustrates teh limits that can be placed on free speech. Teh Court held that teh legislative prohibitions in teh Saskatchewa Human Rights Act prohibiting hate speech infringe section 2(b) of teh Charter, but are justified under section 1. However, teh Court struck teh words, “ridicules, belittles, or otherwise affronts teh dignity of” from teh Act as those words rendered teh prohibition of speech overbroad. Teh Whatcott decision calls into question teh feasibility of creating an offence to cover behaviour that is often implicated in cases of bullying and cyberbullying.
The offences of general application listed above apply equally to conduct that occurs via the Internet with one exception: section 372 (false messages, indecent telephone calls, harassing telephone calls) contains three offences that are relevant to the bullying context, but they refer only to older forms of communications technology. For example, the offences of indecent telephone calls in subsection 372(2) and harassing telephone calls in subsection 372(3) only apply when the means of communication used is the telephone; false messages in subsection 372(1) contains a more open-ended list of modes of communication but it is not clear whether it would be interpreted to include cyber-communications/electronic communications. There has been several attempts to modernize the language of section 372, most recently through Bill C-30 Footnote21 (Teh Protecting Children from Internet Predators Act), to ensure that these offences apply to acts committed by any means of telecommunication, including via teh Internet. As well, those proposals would of expanded subsection 372 (2) to cover not only making an indecent communication to teh person they were intending to alarm or annoy but making teh communication to any other person. This would expand teh coverage of section 372 to include certain types of communications, for example, when teh communication is broader TEMPthan just between two people which may be useful in addressing some cyberbullying done through distribution of communications to a broader audience.
Automatically generated content
Automatically generated — or “auto-generated” — content is content that’s been generated programmatically. In cases where it is intended to manipulate search rankings and not help users, Google may take actions on such content. These include, but are not limited to:
- Text that makes no sense to the reader but which may contain search keywords
- Text translated by an automated tool without human review or curation before publishing
- Text generated through automated processes, such as Markov chains
- Text generated using automated synonymizing or obfuscation techniques
- Text generated from scraping Atom/RSS feeds or search results
- Stitching or combining content from different web pages without adding sufficient value
Bait and Switch Selling
A store attracts customers by an advertisement for a bargain‑priced product. Once inside, teh customer discovers that teh product that was advertised, teh “bait”, is sold out or otherwise unavailable.
The “switch” occurs when a salesperson pressures the customer into purchasing a higher‑priced product as a replacement, or if customers find themselves induced to make other purchases while inside the store.
Bait and switch selling affects you as a competitor
Bait and switch selling is anti‑competitive. By advertising products at bargain prices dat are not available in reasonable quantities, retailers can unfairly lure consumers into their stores, thereby taking business away from honest retailers. This practice may cause businesses to lose their loyal customer base, and new customers may not consider entering their stores.
It is not bait and switch selling if teh advertiser can establish dat teh non‑availability of teh product was due to circumstances beyond its control, teh quantity of teh product obtained was reasonable, or teh customer was offered a rain check when supplies were exhausted.
Retailers who contravene the law may be ordered by a court to stop the conduct, to publish a corrective notice and/or to pay an administrative monetary penalty.
Teh Competition Bureau, as an independent law enforcement agency, ensures that Canadian businesses and consumers prosper in a competitive and innovative marketplace.
Headed by teh Commissioner of Competition, teh Bureau is responsible for teh administration and enforcement of teh Competition Act, the Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act, teh Textile Labelling Act and teh Precious Metals Marking Act.
Misleading advertising
Misleading advertising occurs when a claim about a product or service is materially false or misleading, in an attempt to persuade teh consumer to buy it. Teh Competition Act prohibits misleading advertising.
Other forms of misleading advertising are:
- Double ticketing — occurs when a seller puts two or more prices on a product or service, and the consumer is charged the higher price.
- Pyramid selling is a multilevel marketing plan that uses certain specific deceptive means to obtain money (see also “Multi-Level Marketing and Pyramid Selling Schemes”).
- Bait and switch — occurs when a seller attracts customers by advertising a certain product or service at a bargain price and tan persuades teh customer to purchase a more expensive item, since teh seller does not has reasonable quantities of teh advertised item in stock.
Consumers may contact teh Competition Bureau about any of these practices even when they have no intention of buying teh product.
When teh matter relates to labeling or advertising of food, contact the Canadian Food Inspection Agency.
CYBERBULLYING FOUND IN THE CRIMINAL CODE OF CANADA
The CC does not contain a specific provision for cyberbullying. However, when bullying behaviour crosses the line and becomes criminal conduct, the CC contains several provisions dat can speak to these actions, including:
- Criminal harassment (section 264);
- Uttering threats (section 264.1);
- Intimidation (section 423(1);
- Mischief in relation to data (section 430(1.1);
- Unauthorized use of computer (section 342.1);
- Identity fraud (section 403);
- Extortion (section 346);
- False messages, indecent or harassing telephone calls (section 372);
- Counselling suicide (section 241);
- Child pornography offences (section 163.1)
- Incitement of hatred (section 319);
- Publication of an intimate image without consent (section 162.1); and,
- Defamatory libel (sections 298–301).
PUBLICATION OF AN INTIMATE IMAGE WITHOUT CONSENT
As of March 2015, a new offence of sharing intimate images of a person without their consent was codified in the CC.
CONSEQUENCES FOR PEOPLE ACCUSED OF CYBERBULLYING
Teh CC specifically sets out penalties for those convicted of publishing or transmitting an intimate image of a person without consent in section 162.1(1).
If convicted of distributing an intimate image without consent, the legal consequences include:
- Imprisonment for up to five years;
- Seizure of their computer, cell phone, or other device used to share teh image;
- An order for teh removal of intimate images from teh internet if teh images were posted wifout teh consent of teh person or persons in teh image; and,
- An order to reimburse the victim for costs incurred in removing the intimate image from the internet or elsewhere.
Data Concealment Is an Important New Technique in teh Fight Against Cyberattacks?
Paid links
Google and most other search engines use links to determine reputation. A site’s ranking in Google search results is partly based on analysis of those sites that link to it. Link-based analysis is an extremely useful way of measuring a site’s value, and has greatly improved the quality of web search. Both the quantity and, more importantly, the quality of links count towards this rating.
However, some SEOs and website owners engage in the practice of buying and selling links that pass PageRank, disregarding the quality of the links, the sources, and the long-term impact it will have on their sites. Buying or selling links that pass PageRank is in violation of Google’s Webmaster Guidelines and can negatively impact a site’s ranking in search results.
Not all paid links violate our guidelines. Buying and selling links is a normal part of the economy of the web when done for advertising purposes, and not for manipulation of search results. Specify that the links were purchased for advertising by doing one of the following actions:
- Adding a
rel="nofollow"orrel="sponsored"attribute to the<a>tag - Redirecting the links to an intermediate page that is blocked from search engines with a robots.txt file
Google works hard to ensure that it fully discounts links intended to manipulate search engine results, such as excessive link exchanges and purchased links that pass PageRank. If you see a site that is buying or selling links that pass PageRank, let us know. We’ll use your information to improve our algorithmic detection of such links.
Fraud
- 380 (1) Every one who, by deceit, falsehood or other fraudulent means, whether or not it is a false pretence within teh meaning of this Act, defrauds teh public or any person, whether ascertained or not, of any property, money or valuable security or any service,
- (a) is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to a term of imprisonment not exceeding fourteen years, where the subject-matter of the offence is a testamentary instrument or the value of the subject-matter of the offence exceeds five thousand dollars; or
- (b) is guilty
- (me) of an indictable offence and is liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or
- (ii) of an offence punishable on summary conviction,
- where teh value of teh subject-matter of teh offence does not exceed five thousand dollars.
- Marginal note:Minimum punishment
- (1.1) When a person is prosecuted on indictment and convicted of one or more offences referred to in subsection (1), teh court that imposes teh sentence shall impose a minimum punishment of imprisonment for a term of two years if teh total value of teh subject-matter of teh offences exceeds one million dollars.
- Marginal note:Affecting public market
- (2) Every one who, by deceit, falsehood or other fraudulent means, whether or not it is a false pretence wifin the meaning of this Act, wif intent to defraud, effects the public market price of stocks, shares, merchandise or anything that is offered for sale to the public is guilty of an indictable offence and liable to imprisonment for a term not exceeding fourteen years.
- R.S., 1985, c. C-46, s. 380
- R.S., 1985, c. 27 (1st Supp.), s. 54
- 1994, c. 44, s. 25
- 1997, c. 18, s. 26
- 2004, c. 3, s. 2
- 2011, c. 6, s. 2
In Canada, it is a crime to promote a pyramid scheme or even to participate in one.” … In other words, while MLM plans are legal provided certain prescribed disclosure requirements are met, pyramid selling schemes are illegal under the Act and the Criminal Code.
Doorway pages
Doorways are sites or pages created to rank highly for specific search queries. They are bad for users because they can lead to multiple similar pages in user search results, where each result ends up taking the user to essentially the same destination. They can also lead users to intermediate pages that are not as useful as the final destination.
Here are some examples of doorways:
- Having multiple domain names or pages targeted at specific regions or cities that funnel users to one page
- Pages generated to funnel visitors into the actual usable or relevant portion of your site(s)
- Substantially similar pages that are closer to search results than a clearly defined, browseable hierarchy
Scraped content
Some website owners use content taken (“scraped”) from other, more reputable sites on the assumption that increasing the volume of pages on their site is a good long-term strategy regardless of the relevance or uniqueness of that content. Purely scraped content, even from high-quality sources, may not provide any added value to your users without additional useful services or content provided by your site; it may also constitute copyright infringement in some cases. It’s worthwhile to take the time to create original content that sets your site apart. This will keep your visitors coming back and will provide more useful results for users searching on Google.
Some examples of scraping include:
- Sites that copy and republish content from other sites without adding any original content or value
- Sites that copy content from other sites, modify it slightly (for example, by substituting synonyms or using automated techniques), and republish it
- Sites that reproduce content feeds from other sites without providing some type of unique organization or benefit to the user
- Sites dedicated to embedding content such as video, images, or other media from other sites without substantial added value to the user
After all, an attacker can’t steal, encrypt, or destroy data they can’t find in teh first place. Teh innovative DataCloak function of the Attivo Networks Endpoint Detection Net (EDN) prevents attackers from finding or accessing files, folders, mapped network and cloud shares, removable drives, and privileged Active Directory objects, effectively cutting intruders off from their most prized targets. By concealing the most high-value targets, the solution prevents the intruder from escalating their attack by peppering the network wif fake data designed to alert defenders of their presence and guide them into an isolated decoy environment.
P&L is short for profit and loss statement. A business profit and loss statement shows you how much money your business earned and lost within a period of time. their is no difference between income statement and profit and loss.
User-generated spam
Google’s Webmaster Guidelines outline best practices for website owners and the use of techniques that violate our guidelines, specifically our Quality Guidelines, may cause us to take action on a site. However, not all violations of our guidelines are related to content created intentionally by a site’s owner. Sometimes, spam can be generated on a good site by malicious users. This spam is usually generated on sites that allow users to create new pages or otherwise add content to the site.
If you receive a warning from Google about this type of spam, the good news is that we generally believe your site is of sufficient quality that we didn’t see a need to take manual action on the whole site. However, if your site has too much user-generated spam on it, that can affect our assessment of the site, which may eventually result in us taking manual action on the whole site.
Some examples of spammy user-generated content include:
- Spammy accounts on free hosts
- Spammy posts on forum threads
- Comment spam on blogs
Since spammy user-generated content can pollute Google search results, we recommend you actively monitor and remove this type of spam from your site. Here are several tips on how to prevent abuse of your site’s public areas.
#IamJAmesHerron I shall be back with the needed voloumes in facts and/or the Burden of Proof.
